• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Protection device for flyback type power supplies in quasi-resonant mode of microprocessor-based led luminaires. The present invention refers to a protection device for power supplies comprising: a power supply (31) of the flyback type of LED luminaires configured to operate in quasi-resonant (QR) mode; and a microprocessor (32) connected to the gate of a main transistor (TP) of the power supply (31) by means of a signal amplification and matching circuit. Advantageously, said device comprises a zero crossing detector (36) connected to an auxiliary winding (34) in a transformer of the power supply (31); and an early warning generator (37) connected to the output of the zero crossing detector (36) and to the gate of the main transistor (TP), where the output of said early warning generator (37) is connected to the microprocessor (32), and where the early warning generator (37) is configured to generate a digital interrupt signal (39) to the microprocessor (32) before a signal that indicates the entry into the continuous mode of the power supply (31). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2781677A1
    申请号:ES201930192
    申请日:2019-03-04
    公开日:2020-09-04
    发明作者:Iradier Agustín Montoro
    申请人:Solar Power Innovations S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] PROTECTION DEVICE FOR FLYBACK-TYPE POWER SUPPLIES IN QUASI-RESONANT MODE OF MICROPROCESSOR-BASED LED LUMINAIRES
    [0004] FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] The present invention refers, in general, to protection technologies for intelligent power supplies equipped with a microprocessor and, within this field, to power supplies for LED lighting systems based on power topologies known as "flyback". ”In quasi resonance (QR) mode, commonly used in this type of power supply. The object of the invention refers, more specifically, to a digital protection device incorporated into the microprocessor's own electronics, which is capable of immediately detecting the possible fault conditions most commonly found in this type of topology, alerting the software the microprocessor to take the necessary precautionary measures.
    [0008] The invention is therefore applicable to the industry dedicated to the manufacture of appliances and devices for electrical lighting installations, especially in the field of intelligent lighting systems with LED diodes that incorporate control, communication and sensor systems for the government of light and consumption of this type of luminaires.
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0012] In recent years, the lighting industry is turning, irreversibly, towards systems based on light emitting diodes (or LEDs) due to their high performance properties and control versatility. These types of systems are also excellent candidates to lead the global reduction in energy expenditure and, therefore, greenhouse gas emissions in the lighting sector in the immediate future.
    [0014] LED lighting systems require a power supply for the diodes (where such a power supply will be referred to hereinafter as FADL) that adapts the input, usually in the form of alternating (AC) or continuous (DC) voltage, to a constant value current that is injected into the LEDs, instead of a constant voltage as used by other power supplies intended for other uses.
    [0015] The reason for this is that LEDs, like any other type of diode, present a characteristic exponential curve of current intensity in relation to voltage / -
    [0016]
    [0018] very much. So setting a voltage across an LED means having very little control over the current which can be either so small that it overrides the illumination, or so great that it can destroy both the LED and the FADL itself. From the point of view of the electronics of the FADL, it is therefore necessary to establish the current and not the voltage of the LEDs, these being the ones that self-adjust the voltage to a certain value, which, in turn, can vary with temperature, aging, etc.
    [0020] Within the FADL, purely analog type sources are known, which have little control over light intensity and low reliability. In addition to analogue sources, microprocessor-based FADLs are also known, capable of doing a much more precise work on lighting control over time or, depending on the presence of people or the amount of natural lighting available, on the communications through the electrical wire (PLC). This allows these types of sources to personalize their consumption in different circumstances, as well as to facilitate installation through communication with the LED light itself (LIFI), improving the quality of electricity consumption and power factor, reducing the harmonic distortion and with a high reliability and robustness of the same, by means of anticipation mechanisms to possible breakdowns. Two examples of microprocessor-based FADLs are described in the patent application ES2643137A1, referring to an intelligent power supply for LED lighting systems with integrated light and presence sensors and communication by visible light and by power line, and in the application patent ES2528395A1, referring to an intelligent power supply, with digital communication through the power line.
    [0022] Despite the advantages that the aforementioned digital FADLs possess, there is an important technical problem in them that has not been satisfactorily resolved to date, which consists of the vulnerability of this type of power supply to sudden changes in input voltage, such as rebounds. of the input switches in the shutdown actions, changes in the input phase due to switching between electrical power suppliers, the source itself starting up from a prolonged standstill situation, rapid increases in voltage due to motors, nearby lightning or forms of strange voltage ripples (such as square waves from low budget DC-AC inverters), among others.
    [0024] This type of voltage disturbance involves an alteration of the equilibrium in which the source tries to achieve the optimum performance point, or “quasi-resonant” point (QR), which is dangerously close to the breakdown mode called “continuous mode” (CM). and that involuntarily takes the power supply from the normal "current generation" mode, associated with the QR point, to a harmful "voltage generation" mode, the consequences of which are extremely detrimental for this type of system.
    [0026] In the aforementioned microprocessor-based FADL technologies, the protection of the system is carried out by software, which reduces its response speed, thus limiting its effectiveness and safety.
    [0028] In light of the current limitations of the state of the art and as described in the previous paragraphs, it is necessary to develop new systems that allow detecting these types of anomalies and effectively notify the FADL microprocessor software, for immediate correction. of the situation.
    [0030] The present invention proposes a solution to this need, by means of a novel protection device for flyback type power supplies in quasi-resonant mode of microprocessor-based LED luminaires.
    [0032] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0034] As described in the preceding section, the present invention proposes a protection device for power supplies that comprises:
    [0035] - A flyback type power supply for LED luminaires (FADL) configured to operate in quasi-resonant mode (QR), where said power supply comprises a main transistor (TP), a plurality of said LED luminaires and a transformer, where the The drain of the main transistor (TP) is connected to the primary of said transformer and the LED luminaires are connected to its secondary; Y
    [0036] - A microprocessor connected to the gate of the main transistor (TP) of the power supply.
    [0038] Advantageously, said protection device additionally comprises:
    [0039] - A zero crossing detector connected to an auxiliary winding in the power supply transformer, through a voltage adapter network;
    [0040] - An early warning generator connected to the output of the zero crossing detector and to the gate of the main transistor (TP), where the output of said early warning generator is connected to the microprocessor, and where the early warning generator is configured to generate a digital interrupt signal to the microprocessor upon an input signal in the continuous mode of the power supply.
    [0042] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the microprocessor is connected to the gate of the main transistor (TP) of the power supply through a signal amplification and matching circuit.
    [0044] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the voltage adapter network comprises a resistive voltage divider.
    [0046] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the early warning generator comprises a scale (also known as a flip-flop, or "flip-flop") of type "D".
    [0048] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the microprocessor is configured by software means to extend the discharge time of the LED luminaires while the interrupt signal generated by the early warning generator remains active.
    [0050] More preferably, the early warning generator is configured to hold the interrupt signal to the microprocessor until the power has been completely discharged to the LED luminaires during operation of the power supply.
    [0052] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0054] For a more complete understanding of the invention, reference is made to the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [0056] Figure 1 shows an electronic diagram of a flyback type power supply for LED luminaires (FADL) configured to operate in quasi-resonant (QR) mode, according to an embodiment of the state of the art, and its corresponding working voltages.
    [0057] Figure 2 shows a graph representing the working voltages of a power supply according to the embodiment of Figure 1, when it is in its continuous mode.
    [0059] Figure 3 shows an electronic diagram of a protection device for a flyback type power supply for LED luminaires (FADL) according to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment thereof.
    [0061] Figure 4 shows a diagram of the input and output voltages of the early warning generator or GAT present in the protection device shown in Figure 3.
    [0063] Figure 5 shows a graph representing the working voltages of a power source connected to the protection device of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, when said power source is in quasi-resonant mode.
    [0065] Figure 6 shows a graph representing the working voltages of a power source connected to the protection device of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, when said power source is in continuous mode.
    [0067] - Description of the numerical elements referred to in Figures 1-6:
    [0072] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0074] The general context of the invention and its different preferred embodiments are described below, as described in Figures 1-6 herein. Said figures are provided by way of example, with non-limiting purposes of the claimed invention.
    [0076] Although the operation of a flyback type FADL in quasi-resonant mode is well known in the art, a brief explanation of it is provided in Figure 1 for reference to help understand the technical problem to be solved. In this type of power supply, for the connection (11) of a main transistor (TP), the coil of the primary of a transformer is exposed to the input voltage (S i) and begins to rise linearly ramp the current, given the practical constancy of the input voltage during the very short time during which the TP is connected. If everything goes well and the coil is completely discharged at the beginning of the connection, this current starts at zero amps and ends at a certain current value, which depends on the power that you want to transmit to the secondary of the transformer, where the LEDs are. . When the transistor (12) is disconnected, the current present in the coil causes it to rapidly change the polarity of the voltage (dumping part of the energy in parasitic capacitors) and the output diode in the secondary, until that moment disconnected, connects and discharges the stored energy, in the form of a magnetic field in the core of the transformer in the LEDs, this time using the secondary winding. When this discharge ends (13), the energy has been completely transferred to the LEDs, but, in order to improve performance, the TP will not be connected again until the voltage at its drain does not arrive naturally, by means of a sinusoid (14), to the lowest possible voltage (quasi-resonant point, or QR) (15), a place where the unwanted energy, stored in the parasitic capacitors, is partly returned to the transformer primary, and where it is can usefully exploit.
    [0078] The continuous mode (Figure 2) of the FADL, which causes the faults described above, occurs when there is a sudden rise in the input voltage and the energy stored during the connection of the TP increases suddenly. Since the connection times (21) and disconnection (22) have not yet been modified, there is not enough time to transfer it completely to the LEDs, leaving a remnant of energy that increases again in each new connection of the TP (23) and that it is not fully discharged on the LEDs, which, finally, leads to a cumulative process that leads to very large currents that can destroy the TP in a few cycles. This also means that the system does not reach the QR point, so that, at the end of the cycle, there will not be a smooth and natural sinusoidal drop in the drain voltage (as shown in (14) in the Figure 1), but a plummet (22) of the same, caused by the connection of the transistor at an inappropriate time. The present invention is proposed as a technical solution that allows detecting this type of abrupt drops, by means of the protection device that improves the known FADL technologies.
    [0080] It must be clarified, however, that although continuous mode is not a harmful situation when the power supply is of the "voltage generator" type (because the input or output voltage can vary), it nevertheless has disastrous consequences. when the output voltage cannot easily rise, as in the case of LEDs for the reasons described above.
    [0082] The mission of the protection device object of the present invention is to discern a smooth drop in the drain voltage of the main transistor of the power supply, indicative of normal operation, from a sudden drop in it, indicative that not all has been transferred energy still from input to output.
    [0084] The protection device of the invention is shown schematically in Figure 3 hereof. As can be seen in said figure, the device is connected to a flyback type power supply (31) configured to operate in quasi mode. resonant, where said power supply (31) is governed by a microprocessor (32) connected to the gate of the main transistor (TP) of said source (31) by means of a signal amplification and adaptation circuit, or driver (33 ). In addition to these elements, the protection device preferably comprises a zero crossing detector (36). Said detector (36) is connected to an auxiliary winding of the transformer (34), by means of a voltage adapter network (35), where said network preferably comprises a resistive voltage divider, and where the output of the zero-crossing detector (36 ) is connected to an early warning generator (37) or GAT which is connected, in turn, to the microprocessor (32).
    [0086] The early warning generator (37) thus receives the signal (DCC) from the zero crossing detector (36), generated from the image of the drain voltage (S aux ) in the auxiliary winding (34) and the government signal (38) of the main transistor (TP), generating a digital signal (39) of interruption to the microprocessor (32) at the moment in which the input in the continuous mode of the FADL is detected, which will avoid said input, thus protecting it from possible damage by lengthening the time (65) of Figure 6.
    [0088] Figures 4-6 show an embodiment of the early warning generator or GAT (37) to the microprocessor (39) and its operating regime. Said generator (37) typically comprises a type "D" scale (represented schematically in Figure 4), known in the art and whose operation is as follows: the signal (DCC) of the zero crossing detector (36) is a reflection of the auxiliary voltage (S aux ) of the auxiliary winding (34) (whose output is connected to the drain of the transistor (36)), but reduced in voltage and with an average level of zero voltage (see (51) in Figure 5 and (61 ) in Figure 6). When the signal from the auxiliary winding (34) crosses zero, it corresponds in normal quasi-resonant operation (QR) to half the sinusoidal drop (52) and, in continuous mode, it practically coincides with the steep drop of the signal ( 62). The signal (G) of the microprocessor gate (39) is ahead in time, due to the delay (53) of the amplification and adaptation circuit (33) of the signal (53) and of the main transistor (TP) itself and, therefore, it serves as an early indication of whether or not there has been a sharp drop in voltage (as long as that delay time is less than a quarter of the period of the sinusoid (52), which is often the case in FADLs). Therefore, it is appreciated that in normal quasi-resonant (QR) operation there is no interruption to the microprocessor (see (53) and (54) in Figure 5). However, when a continuous mode occurs, an interruption signal (63) is generated to the microprocessor (39), which, by means of the corresponding software, extends (65) indefinitely the discharge time of the LEDs, until the interruption disappears (64) as the energy has been completely discharged in the same (66). With this, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of energy in the coil and the destruction of the transistor, thus solving the technical problem posed in the state of the art.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. - Protection device for power supplies comprising:
    - a power supply (31) of the flyback type of LED luminaires (FADL) configured to operate in quasi-resonant mode (QR), where said power supply comprises a main transistor (TP), a plurality of said LED luminaires and a transformer , where the drain of the main transistor (TP) is connected to the primary of said transformer and the LED lights are connected to the secondary thereof;
    - a microprocessor (32) connected to the gate of the main transistor (TP) of the power supply (31);
    and said device being characterized in that it additionally comprises:
    - a zero crossing detector (36) connected to an auxiliary winding (34) in the power supply transformer (31), through a voltage adapter network (35);
    - an early warning generator (37) comprising a D-type flip-flop, connected to the output of the zero-crossing detector (36) and to the gate control signal of the main transistor (TP), where the output of said early warning generator (37) is connected to the microprocessor (32), and where the early warning generator (37) is configured, by means of the microprocessor (32), to generate a digital interruption signal (39) to the microprocessor ( 32) before an input signal in the continuous mode of the power supply (31).
    [2]
    two.
    [3]
    3.
    [4]
    Four.
    [5]
    5. - Device according to the preceding claim, where the early warning generator (37) is configured to maintain the interrupt signal to the microprocessor (32) until the energy in the LED luminaires has been completely discharged during the operation of the power supply (31).
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    US20050189822A1|2004-02-09|2005-09-01|Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd.|Power source apparatus and vehicular lamp|
    US20160301317A1|2015-04-13|2016-10-13|Magnachip Semiconductor, Ltd.|Pulse-width modulation controlling apparatus for flyback converter|
    US10008946B1|2017-11-19|2018-06-26|Yu Jing Energy Technology Co., Ltd.|Primary-side regulated current control system under LLC topology|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930192A|ES2781677B2|2019-03-04|2019-03-04|PROTECTION DEVICE FOR FLYBACK-TYPE POWER SUPPLIES IN QUASI-RESONANT MODE OF MICROPROCESSOR-BASED LED LUMINAIRES|ES201930192A| ES2781677B2|2019-03-04|2019-03-04|PROTECTION DEVICE FOR FLYBACK-TYPE POWER SUPPLIES IN QUASI-RESONANT MODE OF MICROPROCESSOR-BASED LED LUMINAIRES|
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